a definition of colic is: 

• Crying for more than 3 hours a day

• More than 3 days a week

• Over 3 weeks straight

Colic affects approximately 10 to 40% of infants.  It is associated with high pitched, inconsolable crying, especially in the evening. Colic makes feeding and sleeping VERY challenging, if not impossible.  Colic typically begins in the first few weeks of life and usually resolves by three to six months of age.

Some possible causes of colic include: 

• Stress including prenatal stressors 

• Underfed/overfed

• Overstimulated/overtired

• Altered gut flora leading to cramping and bloating 

• Trapped gas 

Improving feeding techniques can help improve the infant’s comfort and decrease crying. 

A few strategies to try with colic:

• Frequent burping during a feed

• “Paced bottle” feeding

• Remain in an upright position for 20 to 30 minutes following feeds

• Feeding on demand

• Feeding with early cues such as, mouth opening, stirring, turning head/stirring

• Improving latch at the breast

• Ensuring bottles and equipment are sterilized 

To help soothe a crying baby 

• Warm baths

• “Tiger in a tree” positioning (holding baby facing outwards, with your hand on their tummy for pressure)

• Massage

• Frequent, small feeds instead of large feeds infrequently

• Loosen clothing around abdomen

• Burping frequently during breastfeeds (every few minutes with a fast let-down) 

• Change burping positions

• Multi-sensory techniques such as shushing, rocking, sucking and swaddling

• Optimizing naps and paying close attention to “early” sleep cues 

• Try lying them on his/her back, bend the knees and legs toward the abdomen and apply gentle pressure to help pass gas.

I hope that this information helps bring some comfort, even just a little bit. The first year can be a very stressful time. Remember to breath. You will make it through this. Check out our Community Page for a quick access to trained Edmonton healthcare professionals who specialize in infant care.

Just a quick reminder, you are amazing!

Mychelle RN, IBCLC

Today we are delighted to talk about breastfeeding, formula feeding and sleep. We all love our sleep, right!? Probably the hardest thing about becoming a new parent is losing sleep and having to function the next day….and this can go on for weeks, months or even years! It’s no surprise that parents are desperate to find ways to increase the amount of their little ones sleep.

Parents often ask us the question, “if I give my baby formula, will they sleep through the night?”. They get advice from their formula feeding friends, grandparents and other relatives that they should “give them formula; they’ll sleep longer.” And if you do a google search you can find plenty of people backing this belief up. This results in many sleep deprived, desperate parents prematurely giving up breastfeeding or night weaning altogether, just in the hope of more sleep. So is this advice accurate - does formula feeding mean more sleep? This article aims to give you the facts so that you can make an informed choice that is right for you and your family. 

Firstly, let’s look at what biologically normal  sleep looks like. All children, and adults, sleep in cycles, and as they enter the light phase at the end of each cycle they may partially or fully wake. So no-one actually ‘sleeps through the night’ ever! As adults if we have a need then we can attend to it ourselves - but if a baby is hungry or thirsty (or has any other need) then they will signal to an adult to help them. And so until a baby is able to sustain a full nights sleep without needing food, they will wake and signal to their parent. The point at which this is varies from child to child, but the evidence suggests that many babies need food at night up to 18 months old. And so if your child is waking up and feeding several times a night, whether via breast or bottle, they are behaving completely normally, and you are not creating bad habits by feeding them.

So next let’s look at whether giving formula will mean that babies will wake less.  Formula fed babies can often take larger volumes per feed than breastfed babies, and this milk also takes longer to digest than breast milk . For this reason, some formula-fed babies do sleep for slightly longer stretches than breastfed babies. However, research confirms that although breastfed babies wake more frequently, breastfeeding mothers actually get more overall sleep. This is because of a combination of factors. Firstly, breast milk is full or hormones that help a baby feel both satisfied and tired - it is basically mother nature’s amazing tool to get babies back to sleep quickly and easily. Secondly, making up bottles is a bigger job for the mother - they have to get out of bed, go downstairs, make the bottle etc. This means that it often takes longer, and wakes the mother and baby more, than breastfeeding, which, as we’ve said can be very quick and easy. 

Remember also that babies wake for more reasons than just hunger - feeling cold, needing a diaper change, needing a cuddle - so even if you are bottle feeding, it doesn’t not necessarily mean they will sleep longer as if they have another need they will still wake up. 

Here are some other interesting points about breastmilk and sleep:

* Tryptophan is in breast milk and helps develop a babies’ circadian rhythm. This will help your newborn learn day from night. 

* Breastfed infants have more Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep than formula fed infants. NREM sleep, known as lighter sleep, is thought to protect infants from Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). 

* Night feeds, in the early weeks, are especially important to build milk supply. 

* In cultures where co-sleeping is the norm, babies feed lots at night. Sometimes up to 4 times per night; taking in almost half of their daily amount of milk.  

So, in the end, if your baby is breastfeeding and this is working for you then, adding a bottle of formula isn’t guaranteed to help her or you sleep any better, in fact it can sometimes make things harder. But ultimately the decision as to how to feed your baby is yours, and you should do what is right for your family given the facts. Never feel pressured into giving up breastfeeding before you are ready, instead work on establishing good, healthy sleep habits with your baby.

Melissa Alexander RN, IBCLC

Sarah Mabbutt | Baby Sleep Well Program